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8.
Emission of Particulate Matter and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
(PAH) from Select Cookstove-fuel Systems
Nguyen
Thi Kim Oanh(1)*, D.O. Albina(2), S.C. Bhattacharya(3),
Li Ping(1) and Xiaoke Wang(4)
(1)Environmental
Engineering and Management, School of Environment Resources and
Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Klong Luang, Pathumthani,
12120, Thailand
(2)Department
of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New
York, NY
(3)Energy,
School of Environment Resources and Development, Asian Institute
of Technology, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
(4)Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Beijing, China
*Corresponding
author: Phone 662 524 5641; fax: 662 524 5625; email: kimoanh@ait.ac.th
Emission
of particulate matter (PM) and polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAH)from twelve selected cookstoves in Asia burning wood fuel,
rice husk briquettes and anthracite coal, was investigated using
the hood method and a semi-VOC sampling train. 17 PAH (16 US EPA
priority plus BeP) in the PM and gas phase were analyzed separately,
by an HPLC/UV. PM emission factor from wood fuel burning is within
2.4-4.7 g kg-1, from rice husk briquettes is of 5 g kg-1 and from
anthracite coal is of 6.9 g kg-1. Total 17 PAH emission factor
is within 23.5-145 mg kg-1 for wood fuel, 150.6 mg kg-1 for rice
husk briquettes and 2.1 mg kg-1 for anthracite coal. The majority
of PAH emitted is of light and more volatile PAH with the PAH
in the vapor phase above 89.5% of the total 17 PAH in biomass
fuel smoke. PAH content of PM varies with cookstoves and is from
0.081-1.636 mg g-1 (of PM) for total 17 PAH, from 0.065-0.978
mg g-1 for genotixic PAH, and 0.001-0.147 mg g-1 for BaP alone.
Large amount of solid fuels used for daily cooking worldwide would
contribute substantially to the air pollution burden both indoors
and the outdoor environment.
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